ISLAMABAD: The National Institute of Health (NIH) on Monday issued an advisory warning of a rise in H3N2 influenza cases globally and in Pakistan, cautioning that a new genetic subclade, known as Subclade K or “super flu”, has emerged internationally. The institute urged provincial health authorities to strengthen preparedness and prevention measures amid the ongoing flu season.
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According to the NIH, Pakistan has witnessed an increase in influenza-like illness (ILI) and severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) cases. Surveillance data showed that 340,856 suspected ILI cases were reported nationwide between epidemiological weeks 44 and 49, with 12% of tested samples confirmed positive for H3N2.
The National Institutes of Health (NIH) in Pakistan has warned of a rise in seasonal influenza cases, primarily driven by the fast-spreading H3N2 strain, often referred to as “super flu”. What is H3N2 virus, know symptoms, risks and precautions.
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The advisory said it was issued to alert health departments and stakeholders to take timely control steps and prepare for a potential surge in outpatient and inpatient cases. Influenza, caused by Influenza A and B viruses, leads to annual epidemics worldwide, with Influenza A associated with higher transmissibility and more severe disease.
The NIH noted that older adults, young children, pregnant women and individuals with chronic conditions such as asthma, diabetes and heart or lung diseases are particularly vulnerable. Since August 2025, a rapid rise in H3N2 cases has been reported across several World Health Organisation regions, including South-East Asia, Australia and New Zealand.
Keeping in view limited healthcare access in some areas, gaps in infection control practices and low public awareness, the NIH warned that Pakistan’s current flu season could be severe. It emphasised that vaccination remains the most effective way to prevent infection and reduce complications.
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The advisory also stressed preventive measures such as frequent handwashing, respiratory hygiene, avoiding crowded places when ill and observing social distancing. The Public Health Emergency Operations Center at CDC-NIH continues to monitor the situation and coordinate response efforts nationwide.